rules for emergency savings (2024)

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An emergency savings fund is a crucial part of your personal finances. No matter your greater financial goals—eliminating debt, improving your credit score, saving for your kids’ college, saving for retirement—building a sufficient emergency savings fund is the first step to a financial healthier, wealthier you.

Your emergency fund is the life preserver you keep in case of a financial emergency; it keeps you afloat, so you don’t drown in unexpected bills. A surprise vet bill, an urgent trip to the hospital, an unavoidable car repair—all of these can quickly derail your life and force you to rack up high-interest credit card debt or miss other bill payments if you don’t have an emergency fund.

So how big does your financial life preserver need to be? The first step, no matter what your life circ*mstances, is to save up one month’s worth of take-home pay, i.e. the amount after taxes are deducted. Once you have this amount in your emergency savings account, you can focus on growing it to your personal savings target while also tackling other goals.

Those general saving targets are often called the “3-6-9 rule”: savings of 3, 6, or 9 months of take-home pay. Here are some guidelines to help you decide what total savings fits your needs.

3 Months

Three months of take-home pay is a good emergency fund target if you:
• are currently a renter
• do not have dependents (i.e. children)
• have a steady paycheck
• have a reliable “safety net”

A “safety net” includes friends and family who could give you a place to live, a car to drive, part-time work, or some other form of help if your situation turned dire.

Of course, you could match the above description perfectly and decide to save up more than three months’ income. If you do, you’ll be less reliant on your “safety net” should something stop or hinder your stream of income.

6 Months

This savings target applies to the largest group of people and is probably the most commonly quoted emergency fund goal. Six months of take-home pay should be safely tucked in your savings if:
• you have kids
• you have a mortgage
• your household has two steady paychecks

Any combination of these qualifies you to join this group of savers. Single with kids and renting? Shoot to save six months’ income. Married and live in a condo? Still six months.

If your household has two steady incomes, you should aim to build your emergency fund equivalent to six months of take-home pay of the highest earner. Want to be doubly safe? Calculate six months’ income based on both incomes and sock it away.

9 Months

If saving six months’ worth of paychecks sounds intimidating to most people, nine months may sound ludicrous. But there are situations when this is the ideal amount of money to have in case of a rainy day…or a few rainy months back to back.

If you and/or your significant other are self-employed or work freelance full time, you belong in this group. When your income is unpredictable, the bigger impact an unexpected bill can have on your life. A larger emergency fund not only helps protect your family from feeling the pinch of slow business or an unexpected bill, but it also helps protect your career. Without a sufficient emergency fund, a few slow months of work may force you to switch careers and return to a 9-5 job.

The “3-6-9” guidelines for emergency savings can be helpful and give you peace of mind when building your emergency fund. But, remember, they’re guidelines and not hard rules. If your gut says you need 4, 7, or 10 months saved up based on your income, expenses, and past experience, go for it.

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rules for emergency savings (2024)

FAQs

Rules for emergency savings? ›

Those general saving targets are often called the “3-6-9 rule”: savings of 3, 6, or 9 months of take-home pay. Here are some guidelines to help you decide what total savings fits your needs.

What is the 50 20 30 rule? ›

The 50-30-20 rule recommends putting 50% of your money toward needs, 30% toward wants, and 20% toward savings.

Should I have a 3 month or 6 month emergency fund? ›

While the size of your emergency fund will vary depending on your lifestyle, monthly costs, income, and dependents, the rule of thumb is to put away at least three to six months' worth of expenses.

Is 5000 enough for emergency savings? ›

Saving $5,000 in an emergency fund can be enough for some people, but it is unlikely sufficient for a family. The amount you need in your emergency fund depends on your unique financial situation.

What is the 15 savings rule? ›

50 - Consider allocating no more than 50 percent of take-home pay to essential expenses. 15 - Try to save 15 percent of pretax income (including employer contributions) for retirement. 5 - Save for the unexpected by keeping 5 percent of take-home pay in short-term savings for unplanned expenses.

What is the 40 40 20 budget rule? ›

The 40/40/20 rule comes in during the saving phase of his wealth creation formula. Cardone says that from your gross income, 40% should be set aside for taxes, 40% should be saved, and you should live off of the remaining 20%.

Is the 50 30 20 rule outdated? ›

But amid ongoing inflation, the 50/30/20 method no longer feels feasible for families who say they're struggling to make ends meet. Financial experts agree — and some say it may be time to adjust the percentages accordingly, to 60/30/10.

Is a 12 month emergency fund too much? ›

As a general rule, most workers can get away with a three- to six-month emergency fund. If you're retired, a 12-month emergency fund is more appropriate.

Is $20000 too much for an emergency fund? ›

A $20,000 emergency fund might cover close to three months of bills, but you might come up a little short. On the other hand, let's imagine your personal spending on essentials amounts to half of that amount each month, or $3,500. In that case, you're in excellent shape with a $20,000 emergency fund.

Is $100 K too much for an emergency fund? ›

It's important to have cash reserves available, but $100,000 may be overdoing it. It's important to have money available in your savings account to cover unforeseen expenses. Plus, you never know when you might lose your job or see your hours (and income) get cut, so having cash reserves at the ready is important.

How many Americans have 100k saved? ›

14% of Americans Have $100,000 Saved for Retirement

Most Americans are not saving enough for retirement. According to the survey, only 14% of Americans have $100,000 or more saved in their retirement accounts. In fact, about 78% of Americans have $50,000 or less saved for retirement.

How many Americans have no savings? ›

Do You? 20% of adults ages 50+ have no retirement savings, 61% worry they won't have enough at retirement, as per new AARP survey.

How much does the average middle class person have in savings? ›

The average American has $65,100 in savings — excluding retirement assets — according to Northwestern Mutual's 2023 Planning & Progress Study. That's a 5% increase over the $62,000 reported in 2022.

What is the $1000 a month rule for retirement? ›

One example is the $1,000/month rule. Created by Wes Moss, a Certified Financial Planner, this strategy helps individuals visualize how much savings they should have in retirement. According to Moss, you should plan to have $240,000 saved for every $1,000 of disposable income in retirement.

What is the 7 rule for savings? ›

The seven percent savings rule provides a simple yet powerful guideline—save seven percent of your gross income before any taxes or other deductions come out of your paycheck. Saving at this level can help you make continuous progress towards your financial goals through the inevitable ups and downs of life.

What is the 52 week rule for savings? ›

There are no complicated rules to remember. Week 1, you save $1.00. Week 2 you save $2.00, and it continues through the year, adding one more dollar to each week's savings goal. By Week 52, you'll set aside $52.00, which will bring the year's total savings to $1,378!

What is the disadvantage of the 50 30 20 rule? ›

Drawbacks of the 50/30/20 rule: Lacks detail. May not help individuals isolate specific areas of overspending. Doesn't fit everyone's needs, particularly those with aggressive savings or debt-repayment goals.

What are the flaws of the 50 30 20 rule? ›

While the 50 30 20 rule can be a useful way to manage your finances, it may not be suitable for everyone. Here are some potential disadvantages of the 50 30 20 rule: Some people might need more than 50% of their income for needs: some individuals or families may have higher essential expenses.

Why is the 50 20 30 rule helpful? ›

The rule simplifies the process of saving and spending by categorising your budget into three main categories: needs, wants and savings. This can help you achieve financial security for your future needs while managing your current expenses effectively.

How to budget $4000 a month? ›

making $4,000 a month using the 75 10 15 method. 75% goes towards your needs, so use $3,000 towards housing bills, transport, and groceries. 10% goes towards want. So $400 to spend on dining out, entertainment, and hobbies.

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